Ayanna Maccalla Howard

Applied Filters

Ayanna Maccalla Howard
AuthorRemove filter

Clear all

People

Colleagues

Chunghyuk Park (11)
Jin Xu (7)
Kantwon Rogers (7)
De'Aira G Bryant (6)
Myounghoon Philart Jeon (5)
Alan R Wagner (4)
Brian Stephen Smith (4)
Jason Borenstein (4)
Magnus B Egerstedt (4)
Douglas A Brooks (3)
Paul Robinette (3)
Amy Bruckman (2)
Antidio Jimnez Viguria (2)
Edward W Tunstel (2)
George A Bekey (2)
Giancarlo Valentin (2)
Melody Moore Jackson (2)
Sekou L Remy (2)
Thad Eugene Starner (2)

Roles

Advisor

Publication

Journal/Magazine Names

Autonomous Robots (3)
ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction (2)
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (1)
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics (1)
Communications of the ACM (1)
Computer (1)
Fuzzy Sets and Systems (1)
IEEE Transactions on Haptics (1)
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies (1)
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews (1)
International Journal of Robotics Research (1)
Journal of Field Robotics (1)
Journal of Robotic Systems (1)
Mobile Networks and Applications (1)

Proceedings/Book Names

SMC '13: Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (4)
2018 27th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN) (3)
2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO) (3)
HRI '16: The Eleventh ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction (3)
ICRA'09: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Robotics and Automation (3)
2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN) (2)
HRI '19: Proceedings of the 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (2)
HRI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (2)
HRI'15 Extended Abstracts: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction Extended Abstracts (2)
ACE '15: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (1)
AIES '19: Proceedings of the 2019 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (1)
AIES '21: Proceedings of the 2021 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (1)
CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (1)
EAAMO '21: Equity and Access in Algorithms, Mechanisms, and Optimization (1)
HRI '12: Proceedings of the seventh annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-Robot Interaction (1)
HRI '18: Companion of the 2018 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (1)
HRI '21 Companion: Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (1)
IDC '11: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (1)
ISWC '16: Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (1)
WOCCI '09: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Child, Computer and Interaction (1)

All Publications

Proceedings (51)
Other periodicals (13)
Journals (3)
Books (2)
Doctoral Theses (1)
Magazines (1)

Content Type

Research Article (31)
Abstract (7)
Short Paper (3)
Discussion (1)
Editorial (1)
Keynote (1)
Opinion (1)

Media Formats

PDF (29)
Image (11)
HTML (6)
Video (5)
Archive/Zip (1)

Publisher

IEEE Press (26)
Association for Computing Machinery (21)
IEEE Computer Society (8)
IEEE Computer Society Press (3)
Kluwer Academic Publishers (3)
John Wiley and Sons Ltd. (2)
Springer-Verlag (2)
Elsevier North-Holland, Inc. (1)
IOS Press (1)
Lake Street Publishers (1)
Physica-Verlag GmbH (1)
Sage Publications, Inc. (1)
University of Southern California (1)

Publication Date

Upon changing this filter the page will automatically refresh

Past 5 years
Past 2 years
Past year

Export Citations

Select Citation format

Please download or close your previous search result export first before starting a new bulk export.
Preview is not available.
By clicking download,a status dialog will open to start the export process. The process may takea few minutes but once it finishes a file will be downloadable from your browser. You may continue to browse the DL while the export process is in progress.
Download
- Download citation
- Copy citation

Publications

71 Results for: Author: Ayanna Maccalla HowardEdit SearchSave SearchFailed to save your search, try again laterSearch has been saved (My Saved Searches)

Save this search

Please login to be able to save your searches and receive alerts for new content matching your search criteria.

Searched The ACM Guide to Computing Literature (3,482,419 records)|Limit your search to The ACM Full-Text Collection (691,749 records)

Results

Showing 1 - 20of71 Results

Filters

Select All

Export Citations Save to Binder

Save to Binder

Create a New Binder

Name

per page:

Sort by: Latest

Earliest
Most Downloaded
Most Cited

short-paper
Open Access
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Lying About Lying: Examining Trust Repair Strategies After Robot Deception in a High-Stakes HRI Scenario
- Kantwon Rogers
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Reiden John Allen Webber
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
HRI '23: Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2023, pp 706-710• https://doi.org/10.1145/3568294.3580178

This work presents an empirical study into robot deception and its effects on changes in behavior and trust in a high-stakes, time-sensitive human-robot interaction scenario. Specifically, we explore the effectiveness of different apologies to repair ...
0Citation
40
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations0
Total Downloads40
Last 12 Months40
Last 6 weeks40
1
Supplementary Material
HRI LBR Presentation.mp4
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
View online with eReader
PDF
research-article
Exploring First Impressions of the Perceived Social Intelligence and Construal Level of Robots that Disclose their Ability to Deceive
- Kantwon Rogers
  The Georgia Institute of Technology,College of Computing,Atlanta,GA,USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University,College of Engineering,Columbus,USA,OH 43210
2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)•August 2022, pp 592-597• https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN53752.2022.9900857
If a robot tells you it can lie for your benefit, how would that change how you perceive it? This paper presents a mixed-methods empirical study that investigates how disclosure of deceptive or honest capabilities influences the perceived social ...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
Evaluating the Impact of Emotional Apology on Human-Robot Trust
- Jin Xu
  Georgia Institute of Technology,Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines,Atlanta,GA,USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University,College of Engineering,Columbus,OH,USA
2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)•August 2022, pp 1655-1661• https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN53752.2022.9900518
Previous research has shown that robot mistakes or malfunctions have a significant negative impact on people’s trust. One way to mitigate the negative impact of trust violation is through trust repair. Although trust repair has been studied ...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
Open Access
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Exploring the Role of Grammar and Word Choice in Bias Toward African American English (AAE) in Hate Speech Classification
- Camille Harris
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Matan Halevy
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University, USA
  ,
- Amy Bruckman
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Diyi Yang
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
FAccT '22: 2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency•June 2022, pp 789-798• https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533144

Language usage on social media varies widely even within the context of American English. Despite this, the majority of natural language processing systems are trained only on “Standard American English,” or SAE, the construction of English most ...
2Citation
792
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations2
Total Downloads792
Last 12 Months792
Last 6 weeks106
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
View online with eReader
PDF
research-article
When a Robot Tells You That It Can Lie
- Kantwon Rogers
  The Georgia Institute of Technology,College of Computing,Atlanta,GA,USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University,College of Engineering,Columbus,OH,USA,43210
2022 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO)•May 2022, pp 1-7• https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO54254.2022.9802976
What happens when a robot introduces itself and tells you that it can lie when it determines it is best for you? This work presents an empirical study into how people perceive the social intelligence of a robot that is either transparent or not about its ...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
Bayes–Nash: Bayesian inference for Nash equilibrium selection in human-robot parallel play
- Shray Bansal
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Jin Xu
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
  ,
- Charles Isbell
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Autonomous Robots, Volume 46, Issue 1•Jan 2022, pp 217-230 • https://doi.org/10.1007/s10514-021-10023-8
Abstract
We consider shared workspace scenarios with humans and robots acting to achieve independent goals, termed as parallel play. We model these as general-sum games and construct a framework that utilizes the Nash equilibrium solution concept to ...
1Citation
Metrics
Total Citations1
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Mitigating Racial Biases in Toxic Language Detection with an Equity-Based Ensemble Framework
- Matan Halevy
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Camille Harris
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Amy Bruckman
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Diyi Yang
  Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Ohio State University, USA
EAAMO '21: Equity and Access in Algorithms, Mechanisms, and Optimization•October 2021, Article No.: 7, pp 1-11• https://doi.org/10.1145/3465416.3483299

Recent research has demonstrated how racial biases against users who write African American English exists in popular toxic language datasets. While previous work has focused on a single fairness criteria, we propose to use additional descriptive ...
3Citation
127
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations3
Total Downloads127
Last 12 Months96
Last 6 weeks9
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
research-article
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Age Bias in Emotion Detection: An Analysis of Facial Emotion Recognition Performance on Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults
- Eugenia Kim
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- De'Aira Bryant
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Deepak Srikanth
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
AIES '21: Proceedings of the 2021 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society•July 2021, pp 638-644• https://doi.org/10.1145/3461702.3462609

The growing potential for facial emotion recognition (FER) technology has encouraged expedited development at the cost of rigorous validation. Many of its use-cases may also impact the diverse global community as FER becomes embedded into domains ...
11Citation
427
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations11
Total Downloads427
Last 12 Months244
Last 6 weeks31
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
research-article
Intelligent Agent Deception and the Influence on Human Trust and Interaction
- Kantwon Rogers
  The Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  The Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO)•July 2021, pp 200-205• https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO51874.2021.9542847
As robots and intelligent agents are given more complex cognitive capabilities, it is only appropriate to assume that they will be able to commit acts of deceit much more readily. And yet, not much attention has been given to investigating the effects ...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
Towards Practical Deployment of a Robotic Mobile System for Early Detection of Cerebral Palsy in Infants
- Victor Emeli
  Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Atlanta,GA,USA
2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO)•July 2021, pp 1-6• https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO51874.2021.9542843
Our research investigates methods and systems to allow for early detection of cerebral palsy in infants and innovative interventions with the goal of improving long-term outcomes. Cerebral Palsy is a development disorder that may be predicted by observing ...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
The Effect of Conceptual Embodiment on Human-Robot Trust During a Youth Emotion Classification Task
- De’ Aira Bryant
  School of Interactive Computing. Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
  ,
- Jin Xu
  Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
  ,
- Kantwon Rogers
  School of Interactive Computing. Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  School of Interactive Computing. Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332
2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO)•July 2021, pp 211-218• https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO51874.2021.9542839
Interactive robots are increasingly being used in social environments to provide humans with information, guidance and even recommendation. User trust plays an important role in the human decision-making process for whether to accept or reject a robot&#...
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
short-paper
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Looks Can Permit Deceiving: How Reward or Punishment Decisions are Influenced by Robot Embodiment
- Kantwon Rogers
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
HRI '21 Companion: Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2021, pp 57-61• https://doi.org/10.1145/3434074.3447128

As robots and artificially intelligent systems are given more cognitive capabilities and become more prevalent in our societies, the relationships they share with humans have become more nuanced. This paper aims to investigate the influences that ...
1Citation
154
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations1
Total Downloads154
Last 12 Months48
Last 6 weeks1
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
discussion
AI Ethics: A Long History and a Recent Burst of Attention
- Jason Borenstein
  Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia United States
  ,
- Frances S. Grodzinsky
  Computer Science and Engineering, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut United States
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Interactive Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia United States
  ,
- Keith W. Miller
  Computer Science, University of Missouri–St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri United States
  ,
- Marty J. Wolf
  Computer Science, Bemidji State University, Bemidji, Minnesota United States
Computer, Volume 54, Issue 1•Jan. 2021, pp 96-102 • https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2020.3034950
0Citation
Metrics
Total Citations0
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
research-article
How much do you Trust your Self-Driving Car? Exploring Human-Robot Trust in High-Risk Scenarios
- Jin Xu
  Georgia Institute of Technology,Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines,Atlanta,GA,USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology,School of Interactive Computing,Atlanta,GA,USA
2020 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)•October 2020, pp 4273-4280• https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC42975.2020.9282866
Trust is an important characteristic of successful interactions between humans and agents in many scenarios. Self-driving scenarios are of particular relevance when discussing the issue of trust due to the high-risk nature of erroneous decisions being ...
2Citation
Metrics
Total Citations2
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
abstract
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Robot Gendering: Influences on Trust, Occupational Competency, and Preference of Robot Over Human
- Kantwon Rogers
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- De'Aira Bryant
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technolog, Atlanta, GA, USA
CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems•April 2020, pp 1-7• https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3382930

This paper presents an investigation into the differences found in participants' comfort levels with using new humanoid robots in addition to the tendency to give a gender to a robot designed to be gender neutral. These factors were used to examine ...
9Citation
347
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations9
Total Downloads347
Last 12 Months100
Last 6 weeks15
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
keynote
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Are We Trusting AI Too Much?: Examining Human-Robot Interactions in the Real World
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
HRI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2020, pp 1-1• https://doi.org/10.1145/3319502.3374842

Intelligent systems, especially those with an embodied construct, are becoming pervasive in our society. From chatbots to rehabilitation robotics, from shopping agents to robot tutors, people are adopting these systems into their daily life activities. ...
1Citation
552
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations1
Total Downloads552
Last 12 Months66
Last 6 weeks10
1
Supplementary Material
p1-howard.mp4
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
research-article
Public Access
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Why Should We Gender?: The Effect of Robot Gendering and Occupational Stereotypes on Human Trust and Perceived Competency
- De'Aira Bryant
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Jason Borenstein
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
HRI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2020, pp 13-21• https://doi.org/10.1145/3319502.3374778

The attribution of human-like characteristics onto humanoid robots has become a common practice in Human-Robot Interaction by designers and users alike. Robot gendering, the attribution of gender onto a robotic platform via voice, name, physique, or ...
35Citation
1,885
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations35
Total Downloads1,885
Last 12 Months691
Last 6 weeks78
1
Supplementary Material
p13-bryant.mp4
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
View online with eReader
PDF
research-article
The effect of robot vs. human corrective feedback on children's intrinsic motivation
- De'Aira G. Bryant
  Georgia Institute of Technology
  ,
- Jin Xu
  Georgia Institute of Technology
  ,
- Yu-Ping Chen
  Georgia State University
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology
HRI '19: Proceedings of the 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2019, pp 638-639

Several HRI studies have investigated the use of interactive social robots to enhance a variety of activities designed for children in recent years. Notably, these robots have shown the ability to facilitate greater engagement with rehabilitative ...
0Citation
71
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations0
Total Downloads71
Last 12 Months35
Last 6 weeks2
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
research-article
Humanoid therapy robot for encouraging exercise in dementia patients
- Mariah Schrum
  Georiga Institute of Technology
  ,
- Chung Hyuk Park
  George Washington University
  ,
- Ayanna Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology
HRI '19: Proceedings of the 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction•March 2019, pp 564-565

Dementia is a growing problem amongst elderly adults and the number of dementia patients is predicted to rise considerably in the coming years. While there is no cure for dementia, recent studies have suggested that exercise may have a positive effect ...
1Citation
100
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations1
Total Downloads100
Last 12 Months20
Last 6 weeks1
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
Get Access
research-article
Open Access
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
A Robotic Framework to Facilitate Sensory Experiences for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study
- Hifza Javed
  George Washington University
  ,
- Rachael Burns
  George Washington University
  ,
- Myounghoon Jeon
  Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
  ,
- Ayanna M. Howard
  Georgia Institute of Technology
  ,
- Chung Hyuk Park
  George Washington University
ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction, Volume 9, Issue 1•March 2020, Article No.: 3, pp 1-26 • https://doi.org/10.1145/3359613

The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children is commonly accompanied by a diagnosis of sensory processing disorders. Abnormalities are usually reported in multiple sensory processing domains, showing a higher prevalence of unusual ...
17Citation
1,302
Downloads
Metrics
Total Citations17
Total Downloads1,302
Last 12 Months356
Last 6 weeks45
Export Citations
Save to Binder
Save to Binder
Create a New Binder
Name
View online with eReader
PDF

Author Profile Pages

Description: The Author Profile Page initially collects all the professional information known about authors from the publications record as known by the ACM bibliographic database, the Guide. Coverage of ACM publications is comprehensive from the 1950's. Coverage of other publishers generally starts in the mid 1980's. The Author Profile Page supplies a quick snapshot of an author's contribution to the field and some rudimentary measures of influence upon it. Over time, the contents of the Author Profile page may expand at the direction of the community.
Please see the following 2007 Turing Award winners' profiles as examples:
History: Disambiguation of author names is of course required for precise identification of all the works, and only those works, by a unique individual. Of equal importance to ACM, author name normalization is also one critical prerequisite to building accurate citation and download statistics. For the past several years, ACM has worked to normalize author names, expand reference capture, and gather detailed usage statistics, all intended to provide the community with a robust set of publication metrics. The Author Profile Pages reveal the first result of these efforts.
Normalization: ACM uses normalization algorithms to weigh several types of evidence for merging and splitting names.
These include:
- co-authors: if we have two names and cannot disambiguate them based on name alone, then we see if they have a co-author in common. If so, this weighs towards the two names being the same person.
- affiliations: names in common with same affiliation weighs toward the two names being the same person.
- publication title: names in common whose works are published in same journal weighs toward the two names being the same person.
- keywords: names in common whose works address the same subject matter as determined from title and keywords, weigh toward being the same person.
The more conservative the merging algorithms, the more bits of evidence are required before a merge is made, resulting in greater precision but lower recall of works for a given Author Profile. Many bibliographic records have only author initials. Many names lack affiliations. With very common family names, typical in Asia, more liberal algorithms result in mistaken merges.

Automatic normalization of author names is not exact. Hence it is clear that manual intervention based on human knowledge is required to perfect algorithmic results. ACM is meeting this challenge, continuing to work to improve the automated merges by tweaking the weighting of the evidence in light of experience.
Bibliometrics: In 1926, Alfred Lotka formulated his power law (known as Lotka's Law) describing the frequency of publication by authors in a given field. According to this bibliometric law of scientific productivity, only a very small percentage (~6%) of authors in a field will produce more than 10 articles while the majority (perhaps 60%) will have but a single article published. With ACM's first cut at author name normalization in place, the distribution of our authors with 1, 2, 3..n publications does not match Lotka's Law precisely, but neither is the distribution curve far off. For a definition of ACM's first set of publication statistics, see Bibliometrics
Future Direction: The initial release of the Author Edit Screen is open to anyone in the community with an ACM account, but it is limited to personal information. An author's photograph, a Home Page URL, and an email may be added, deleted or edited. Changes are reviewed before they are made available on the live site.
ACM will expand this edit facility to accommodate more types of data and facilitate ease of community participation with appropriate safeguards. In particular, authors or members of the community will be able to indicate works in their profile that do not belong there and merge others that do belong but are currently missing.

A direct search interface for Author Profiles will be built.

An institutional view of works emerging from their faculty and researchers will be provided along with a relevant set of metrics.

It is possible, too, that the Author Profile page may evolve to allow interested authors to upload unpublished professional materials to an area available for search and free educational use, but distinct from the ACM Digital Library proper. It is hard to predict what shape such an area for user-generated content may take, but it carries interesting potential for input from the community.

Bibliometrics

The ACM DL is a comprehensive repository of publications from the entire field of computing.

It is ACM's intention to make the derivation of any publication statistics it generates clear to the user.

Average citations per article = The total Citation Count divided by the total Publication Count.
Citation Count = cumulative total number of times all authored works by this author were cited by other works within ACM's bibliographic database. Almost all reference lists in articles published by ACM have been captured. References lists from other publishers are less well-represented in the database. Unresolved references are not included in the Citation Count. The Citation Count is citations TO any type of work, but the references counted are only FROM journal and proceedings articles. Reference lists from books, dissertations, and technical reports have not generally been captured in the database. (Citation Counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record listed on the Author Page.)
Publication Count = all works of any genre within the universe of ACM's bibliographic database of computing literature of which this person was an author. Works where the person has role as editor, advisor, chair, etc. are listed on the page but are not part of the Publication Count.
Publication Years = the span from the earliest year of publication on a work by this author to the most recent year of publication of a work by this author captured within the ACM bibliographic database of computing literature (The ACM Guide to Computing Literature, also known as "the Guide".
Available for download = the total number of works by this author whose full texts may be downloaded from an ACM full-text article server. Downloads from external full-text sources linked to from within the ACM bibliographic space are not counted as 'available for download'.
Average downloads per article = The total number of cumulative downloads divided by the number of articles (including multimedia objects) available for download from ACM's servers.
Downloads (cumulative) = The cumulative number of times all works by this author have been downloaded from an ACM full-text article server since the downloads were first counted in May 2003. The counts displayed are updated monthly and are therefore 0-31 days behind the current date. Robotic activity is scrubbed from the download statistics.
Downloads (12 months) = The cumulative number of times all works by this author have been downloaded from an ACM full-text article server over the last 12-month period for which statistics are available. The counts displayed are usually 1-2 weeks behind the current date. (12-month download counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record.)
Downloads (6 weeks) = The cumulative number of times all works by this author have been downloaded from an ACM full-text article server over the last 6-week period for which statistics are available. The counts displayed are usually 1-2 weeks behind the current date. (6-week download counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record.)

ACM Author-Izer Service

Summary Description

ACM Author-Izer is a unique service that enables ACM authors to generate and post links on both their homepage and institutional repository for visitors to download the definitive version of their articles from the ACM Digital Library at no charge.

Downloads from these sites are captured in official ACM statistics, improving the accuracy of usage and impact measurements. Consistently linking to definitive version of ACM articles should reduce user confusion over article versioning.

ACM Author-Izer also extends ACM’s reputation as an innovative “Green Path” publisher, making ACM one of the first publishers of scholarly works to offer this model to its authors.

To access ACM Author-Izer, authors need to establish a free ACM web account. Should authors change institutions or sites, they can utilize the new ACM service to disable old links and re-authorize new links for free downloads from a different site.

How ACM Author-Izer Works

Authors may post ACM Author-Izer links in their own bibliographies maintained on their website and their own institution’s repository. The links take visitors to your page directly to the definitive version of individual articles inside the ACM Digital Library to download these articles for free.

The Service can be applied to all the articles you have ever published with ACM.

Depending on your previous activities within the ACM DL, you may need to take up to three steps to use ACM Author-Izer.

For authors who do not have a free ACM Web Account:

Go to the ACM DL http://dl.acm.org/ and click SIGN UP. Once your account is established, proceed to next step.

For authors who have an ACM web account, but have not edited their ACM Author Profile page:

Sign in to your ACM web account and go to your Author Profile page. Click "Add personal information" and add photograph, homepage address, etc. Click ADD AUTHOR INFORMATION to submit change. Once you receive email notification that your changes were accepted, you may utilize ACM Author-izer.

For authors who have an account and have already edited their Profile Page:

Sign in to your ACM web account, go to your Author Profile page in the Digital Library, look for the ACM Author-izer link below each ACM published article, and begin the authorization process. If you have published many ACM articles, you may find a batch Authorization process useful. It is labeled: "Export as: ACM Author-Izer Service"

ACM Author-Izer also provides code snippets for authors to display download and citation statistics for each “authorized” article on their personal pages. Downloads from these pages are captured in official ACM statistics, improving the accuracy of usage and impact measurements. Consistently linking to the definitive version of ACM articles should reduce user confusion over article versioning.

Note: You still retain the right to post your author-prepared preprint versions on your home pages and in your institutional repositories with DOI pointers to the definitive version permanently maintained in the ACM Digital Library. But any download of your preprint versions will not be counted in ACM usage statistics. If you use these AUTHOR-IZER links instead, usage by visitors to your page will be recorded in the ACM Digital Library and displayed on your page.

FAQ

Q. What is ACM Author-Izer?
A. ACM Author-Izer is a unique, link-based, self-archiving service that enables ACM authors to generate and post links on either their home page or institutional repository for visitors to download the definitive version of their articles for free.
Q. What articles are eligible for ACM Author-Izer?
A. ACM Author-Izer can be applied to all the articles authors have ever published with ACM. It is also available to authors who will have articles published in ACM publications in the future.

Q. Are there any restrictions on authors to use this service?
A. No. An author does not need to subscribe to the ACM Digital Library nor even be a member of ACM.

Q. What are the requirements to use this service?
A. To access ACM Author-Izer, authors need to have a free ACM web account, must have an ACM Author Profile page in the Digital Library, and must take ownership of their Author Profile page.

Q. What is an ACM Author Profile Page?
A. The Author Profile Page initially collects all the professional information known about authors from the publications record as known by the ACM Digital Library. The Author Profile Page supplies a quick snapshot of an author's contribution to the field and some rudimentary measures of influence upon it. Over time, the contents of the Author Profile page may expand at the direction of the community. Please visit the ACM Author Profile documentation page for more background information on these pages.

Q. How do I find my Author Profile page and take ownership?
A. You will need to take the following steps:
- Create a free ACM Web Account
- Sign-In to the ACM Digital Library
- Find your Author Profile Page by searching the ACM Digital Library for your name
- Find the result you authored (where your author name is a clickable link)
- Click on your name to go to the Author Profile Page
- Click the "Add Personal Information" link on the Author Profile Page
- Wait for ACM review and approval; generally less than 24 hours

Q. Why does my photo not appear?
A. Make sure that the image you submit is in .jpg or .gif format and that the file name does not contain special characters

Q. What if I cannot find the Add Personal Information function on my author page?
A. The ACM account linked to your profile page is different than the one you are logged into. Please logout and login to the account associated with your Author Profile Page.

Q. What happens if an author changes the location of his bibliography or moves to a new institution?
A. Should authors change institutions or sites, they can utilize ACM Author-Izer to disable old links and re-authorize new links for free downloads from a new location.

Q. What happens if an author provides a URL that redirects to the author’s personal bibliography page?
A. The service will not provide a free download from the ACM Digital Library. Instead the person who uses that link will simply go to the Citation Page for that article in the ACM Digital Library where the article may be accessed under the usual subscription rules.

However, if the author provides the target page URL, any link that redirects to that target page will enable a free download from the Service.

Q. What happens if the author’s bibliography lives on a page with several aliases?
A. Only one alias will work, whichever one is registered as the page containing the author’s bibliography. ACM has no technical solution to this problem at this time.

Q. Why should authors use ACM Author-Izer?
A. ACM Author-Izer lets visitors to authors’ personal home pages download articles for no charge from the ACM Digital Library. It allows authors to dynamically display real-time download and citation statistics for each “authorized” article on their personal site.

Q. Does ACM Author-Izer provide benefits for authors?
A. Downloads of definitive articles via Author-Izer links on the authors’ personal web page are captured in official ACM statistics to more accurately reflect usage and impact measurements.

Authors who do not use ACM Author-Izer links will not have downloads from their local, personal bibliographies counted. They do, however, retain the existing right to post author-prepared preprint versions on their home pages or institutional repositories with DOI pointers to the definitive version permanently maintained in the ACM Digital Library.

Q. How does ACM Author-Izer benefit the computing community?
A. ACM Author-Izer expands the visibility and dissemination of the definitive version of ACM articles. It is based on ACM’s strong belief that the computing community should have the widest possible access to the definitive versions of scholarly literature. By linking authors’ personal bibliography with the ACM Digital Library, user confusion over article versioning should be reduced over time.

In making ACM Author-Izer a free service to both authors and visitors to their websites, ACM is emphasizing its continuing commitment to the interests of its authors and to the computing community in ways that are consistent with its existing subscription-based access model.

Q. How do authors access ACM Author-Izer?
A. See How to Use

Q. Why can’t I find my most recent publication in my ACM Author Profile Page?
A. There is a time delay between publication and the process which associates that publication with an Author Profile Page. Right now, that process usually takes 4-8 weeks.

Q. How does ACM Author-Izer expand ACM’s “Green Path” Access Policies?
A. ACM Author-Izer extends the rights and permissions that authors retain even after copyright transfer to ACM, which has been among the “greenest” publishers. ACM enables its author community to retain a wide range of rights related to copyright and reuse of materials. They include:
- Posting rights that ensure free access to their work outside the ACM Digital Library and print publications
- Rights to reuse any portion of their work in new works that they may create
- Copyright to artistic images in ACM’s graphics-oriented publications that authors may want to exploit in commercial contexts
- All patent rights, which remain with the original owner